Before we dive into our next lesson, i just want to review that whenever I mention code it means the HTML you write in the text editor, and the webpage refers to the actual document or browser window where your HTML statements are implemented.
Alright, lets introduce some more tags.
<HR>
This tag draws a horizontal line across the page.
At this point i would like to introduce you to Attributes in HTML. Attributes are like properties each tag has. One tag can have more than one attribute. The general way an attribute is expressesd is
<TAGNAME ATTRIBUTE1="value of attribute" ATTRIBUTE2="value of attribute">
Allow me to demonstrate.
Lets say we take the <HR> tag. One of the properties this tag can have is color. Say we want to have a horizontal line with red color. This would be the way to write it -->
<HR COLOR="red">
And that gives,
Try this out on your html page, with all kinds of colors. There is another way to express colors, other than in words(like red or blue). It is the hexadecimal way. It goes in the format #rrggbb, where rr is the amount of red, bb for blue, and gg for green. r, g, or b can range from 0(least-none) to F(highest amount). For example, #FFFFFF represents white and #000000 represents black. #FF0000 represents red (you put FF-highest amount of red, and none-00 of blue or green). If this makes no sense to you, you can stick to the words.
One of the problems with HTML is that when you press enter while writing the html code, it does not show up on the web page. For example, if I type in the following code for my page,
<HTML>
<BODY>
Hi, This is my first page.
Hope you enjoy it!
Come back soon...
</BODY>
</HTML>
You would expect to see this is on your page -->
Hi, This is my first page.
Hope you enjoy it!
Come back soon...
But that's not what happens, try it.
This is what turns up -->
Hi, This is my first page.
Hope you enjoy it!
Come back soon...
You must have noticed that the line doesn't end, it just continues in to the next sentence. This is because HTML doesn't take into account the ENTER key you might have pressed in the code. Hence, the following two samples of code are treated in the same way...
<HTML>
<BODY>
Hi, This is my first page.
Hope you enjoy it!
Come back soon...
</BODY>
</HTML>
<HTML>
<BODY>
Hi, This is my first page.
Hope you enjoy it!
Come back soon...
</BODY>
</HTML>
To solve this, is the tag <BR>
Hence, the code
Hi, This is my first page.<BR>
Hope you enjoy it!<BR>
Come back soon...<BR>
The <BR> tag enters the line break, wherever you enter it.
<FONT>
This tag is used to modify the font (text) in the page. Only the tag is not of mush use without its ATTRIBUTES(remember those?). Some of the attributes in the <FONT> tag worth knowing are,
FACE - specifies the type of font you want to use. eg. Times New Roman, or Arial
SIZE - size of the font. The size of the font can range from -6 to +6.
COLOR - color of the font. Eg: "red" or "green".
You can have more than one attribute in the tag. The following tag
<FONT SIZE="6" COLOR="green">This text is green. </FONT>
yields
This text is green.
After the </FONT> tag, the font returns back to its default position - the one that was before our font tag.
Comments
Sometimes, you might wanna write something in the code, that you do not want to print on the page. These are called comments. Comments are ignored by the browser and are not executed at all. They are of help only to the person who writes the HTML. The following is the way to write a comment :-
<!--This text is written by me, but cannot be read by the computer's browser. -->But this text can be read!
Comments are like writing notes to remember certain things. Say for example you are practicing HTML or writing a long code which might be hard to understand later. Then, you would write comments wherever you want to (not too much) so that, later when you read the code your comments help you understand what your code does. Comments are also helpful when others read your code, because sometimes it is hard to understand what an other person's code means.
